Screw conveyor working principle
When the screw shaft rotates, the material can only move forward along the bottom of the trough of the conveyor under the impetus of the blades due to the gravity of the material and the friction between it and the trough wall. It is the same as the translational movement of the rotating screw [3]. The main forward momentum of the material comes from the force of the spiral blades rotating in the axial direction so that the material moves up and forward in the tangential direction of the blades.
In order to keep the spiral shaft in a more favourable tension, the drive and discharge are generally arranged at the same end of the conveyor, with the inlet as close as possible to the end of the other end. The rotating screw blades drive the material for conveying. The forces that prevent the material from rotating with the screw conveyor blades are the weight of the material itself and the frictional resistance of the screw conveyor housing to the material. Depending on the material being conveyed, there are solid faces, belt faces, blade faces and other types of blade faces. The screw conveyor has a thrust bearing at the end of the screw shaft in the direction of material movement in order to create an axial reaction force between the screw and the material. When the length of the machine is long, an intermediate suspension bearing should be added.
The working structure of the screw conveyor
It consists of drive unit, housing, cover, spiral shaft, spiral blade, inlet, outlet and other components.
Working characteristics and applications of the feed screw conveyor
1) Relatively simple structure and low cost .
2) Reliable work, easy to maintain and manage.
3) Compact size, small cross-section size and small footprint. It is easy to enter and exit hatches and carriages during port loading and unloading operations.
4) Sealed transportation can be achieved, which is conducive to the transportation of easy-to-fly, hot and heavy-smelling materials, reducing the pollution of the environment and improving the working conditions of port workers.
5) Easy to load and unload. The horizontal screw conveyor can be loaded and unloaded at any point on its conveying line; the configuration of the vertical screw conveyor has excellent pick-up performance compared with the screw pick-up device.
6) Reversible conveying, one conveyor can also convey material in two directions at the same time, i.e. to the centre or away from the centre.
7) High energy consumption per unit.
8）Materials are easily crushed and worn during conveying, and the wear of screw blades and troughs is also more serious.
